policy at the time was to make farmers out of all Indians

under the Kiowa Agency regardless of their ability to

enter and develop in some other phase of life.

Through an exhibit I held at at the Intertribal Indian Cere-

monial in Gallup, New Mexico, of the paintings of the

Kiowas, Mrs. William Denman of San Francisco

recognized the talent and rare gifts of Tsa Toke and

through her he had a chance for expression and recogni-

tion during the few years that followed before his death.

He spent his last days not unhappily, dreaming of still

being able to paint his former tribal life and of his deep

devout belief in a "Great Spirit."

One evening I came home after the sun had gone down

and found Tsa Toke's folio, his paints, brushes and

sketches tied to my door and a note from his wife,

"Monroe requested these things should be left with you."

The inevitable and somber ending of the Kiowa wars

against "the white invader," in which Tsa Toke's wife's

two ancestors were outstanding participants, with the

resulting bitter antagonisms, was burned in Tsa Toke's

mind. These memories were the driving force in his

struggle to present the contrasting beauty of their beliefs

and the ceremonials in which they are expressed.